HRTF (Head-Related Transfer Function)
Definition
A mathematical model of how sound is modified by the shape of the human head, outer ear (pinna), and torso before reaching the eardrums. Used in binaural rendering to create the perception of three-dimensional audio over headphones.
In Simple Terms
A mathematical model of how your ears and head shape the sound you hear, telling your brain where a sound is coming from. It's what makes Dolby Atmos on headphones sound like speakers are actually around you.
In Practice
Dolby Atmos uses HRTF processing when rendering a mix for headphone playback, allowing height and surround spatial information to be perceived without any physical speakers.
Dolby Atmos Context
The quality and personalization of the HRTF significantly affects how convincing binaural rendering feels. Generic HRTFs work for most listeners; personalized HRTFs provide more accurate externalization.